2 Samuel 17:13:112 Sam.17.13.W11TAB

עַ֛ד

ad

until

Transliteration
AD
Extended
AHD
IPA
/ʕad/

Meaning by language

English
until

Alphabet Analysis

Ayindeep guttural stop, voiced pharyngeal
Patachshort 'ah' as in father
Daletd as in door

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Vowels (Niqqud)

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The word

Word in context

  1. word

    AD

  2. clause

    ve-sa-KHAV-nu o-TO ad-ha-NA-khal AD a-she-re-lo-nim-TSA SHAM gam-tse-ROR

  3. sentence

    ve-im-e-el-IR ye-a-SEF ve-his-SI-u khol-yis-ra-EL el-ha-IR ha-HI kha-va-LIM ve-sa-KHAV-nu o-TO ad-ha-NA-khal AD a-she-re-lo-nim-TSA SHAM gam-tse-ROR

Exegesis

The two successive prepositional clauses—ʿad hā-náḥal {עַד הַנַּחַל | ʿad hā-náḥal} ‘up to the valley’ and ʿad ăšer lōʾ nimṣāʾ šām {עַד אֲשֶׁר לֹא נִמְצָא שָׁם | ʿad ăšer lōʾ nimṣāʾ šām} ‘until there is not found there’—define both the extent and the absolute result of the action, with gam {גַּם | gam} ‘even/also’ intensifying the final tseʾôr {צְרוֹר | tseʾôr} ‘pebble’. The discourse moves from a conditional statement to collective execution and climaxes in a statement of total devastation, which English renders as a clear cause-and-effect progression.

Root and etymology

ayin-dalet-reshayin–dalet–resh

to be missing

In context2 Samuel 17:13

And if he withdraws into a city, then all Israel will bring ropes to that city, and we will drag it down to the stream until not even a pebble is found there.

About this coordinate

2 Samuel 17:13:11 is a BCV:P reference — Book · Chapter · Verse · Word Position. It addresses word 11 of 2 Samuel 17:13, so the Hebrew word עַ֛ד (ad) can be cited, linked and studied at exactly this position rather than somewhere in the verse. In the Biblical Knowledge Coordinate System the same position is written 2 Sam.17.13.W11, which extends further down to each syllable (2 Sam.17.13.W11.S1) and character.