Exodus 18:21:12Exod.18.21.W12TAB
שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים
sarei khamishim
“chiefs of fifties”
- Transliteration
- sa-REI kha-mi-SHIM
- Extended
- sah-REI kha-mi-SHEEM
- IPA
- /saˈreː ħămiˈʃiːm/
Meaning by language
- English
- chiefs of fifties
Alphabet Analysis
| Shin | shin with right dot; sin with left dot | |
| Qamets | long 'ah' | |
| Resh | r guttural, like the French r | |
| Tsere | long 'ey' as in they | |
| Yod | y as in yes; marks long ī | |
| Chet | ch — deep guttural, as in Scottish loch | |
| Hateph Patach | reduced 'ah' | |
| Mem | m as in mother | |
| Hireq | 'ee' as in machine | |
| Shin | shin with right dot; sin with left dot | |
| Hireq | 'ee' as in machine | |
| Yod | y as in yes; marks long ī | |
| Mem Sofit | final form of Mem — at word end |
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The word
Word in context
- word
sa-REI kha-mi-SHIM
- clause
ve-sam-TA a-le-HEM sa-REI a-la-FIM sa-REI meh-OT sa-REI kha-mi-SHIM ve-sa-REI a-sa-ROT
- sentence
ve-a-TA te-khe-ZE mi-KOL-ha-AM an-SHEI-KHAY-il yir-EI e-lo-HIM an-SHEI e-MET sohn-EI VAA-tsa ve-sam-TA a-le-HEM sa-REI a-la-FIM sa-REI meh-OT sa-REI kha-mi-SHIM ve-sa-REI a-sa-ROT
Exegesis
A descending numerical hierarchy—sarei alafim {שָׂרֵי אֲלָפִים | śā-rê ʾă-lā-p̄îm}, sarei me'ot {שָׂרֵי מֵאוֹת | śā-rê mê-ʾōṯ}, sarei chamishim {שָׂרֵי חֲמִשִּׁים | śā-rê ḥă-miš-šîm}, and vesarei asarot {וְשָׂרֵי עֲשָׂרֹת | wə-śā-rê ʿă-śā-rōṯ} presents a structured delegation pattern. In English, commas and relative clauses preserve the cumulative force and clarify each tier while maintaining the original’s rhythmic parallelism.
Root and etymology
Rootsin–resh–resh
“prince, official”
In context — Exodus 18:21
And you shall select from all the people men of ability , those who fear God , men of truth, those who hate dishonest gain; and you shall appoint them as leaders over thousands, leaders of hundreds, leaders of fifties, and leaders of tens.
About this coordinate
Exodus 18:21:12 is a BCV:P reference — Book · Chapter · Verse · Word Position. It addresses word 12 of Exodus 18:21, so the Hebrew word שָׂרֵ֥י חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים (sarei khamishim) can be cited, linked and studied at exactly this position rather than somewhere in the verse. In the Biblical Knowledge Coordinate System the same position is written Exod.18.21.W12, which extends further down to each syllable (Exod.18.21.W12.S1) and character.