Exodus 22:9:11Exod.22.9.W11TABWLC Exodus 22:8

עַ֚ד

ad

before

Transliteration
AD
Extended
AHD
IPA
/ˈʕad/

Meaning by language

English
before

Alphabet Analysis

Ayindeep guttural stop, voiced pharyngeal
Patachshort 'ah' as in father
Daletd as in door

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Vowels (Niqqud)

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The word

Word in context

  1. word

    AD

  2. clause

    al-kol-de-var-PE-sha al-SHOR al-kha-MOR al-SE al-sal-MA al-kol-a-ve-DA a-SHER yo-MAR ki-HU ZE AD ha-e-lo-HIM ya-VO de-var-she-NEI-hem

  3. sentence

    al-kol-de-var-PE-sha al-SHOR al-kha-MOR al-SE al-sal-MA al-kol-a-ve-DA a-SHER yo-MAR ki-HU ZE AD ha-e-lo-HIM ya-VO de-var-she-NEI-hem a-SHER yar-shi-UN e-lo-HIM ye-shal-LEM she-na-YIM le-re-E-hu

Exegesis

The expression ad haelohim yavo devar shenehem {עַד־הָאֱלֹהִים יָבֹא דְּבַר־שְׁנֵיהֶם | ʿad hā-ʼĕ-lō-hîm yā-vōʾ də-var šə-nē-hêm} marks referral of the dispute to judicial authority.

Root and etymology

Rootayin–dalet

witness

In contextExodus 22:9

For every trespass concerning an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or any lost item about which one says “This is it,” the case of both parties shall come before the judges , and whoever the judges declare guilty shall pay double to his neighbor.

About this coordinate

Exodus 22:9:11 is a BCV:P reference — Book · Chapter · Verse · Word Position. It addresses word 11 of Exodus 22:9, so the Hebrew word עַ֚ד (ad) can be cited, linked and studied at exactly this position rather than somewhere in the verse. In the Biblical Knowledge Coordinate System the same position is written Exod.22.9.W11, which extends further down to each syllable (Exod.22.9.W11.S1) and character.