James 4:9:3Jas.4.9.W3TAB
πενθήσατε
penthêesate
“mourn”
- Transliteration
- pen-THÊE-sa-te
- Extended
- pehn-THÊE-sah-teh
- IPA
- /penˈtʰɛː.sa.te/
Meaning by language
- English
- mourn
Greek · tap a syllable to hear it
Alphabet Analysis
| Pi | p — as in pet | |
| Epsilon | e — as in met (short) | |
| Nu | n — as in new | |
| Theta | th — as in thin | |
| Eta | i — as in machine | |
| Sigma | s — as in sit | |
| Alpha | ah — as in father | |
| Tau | t — as in top | |
| Epsilon | e — as in met (short) |
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The word
Word in context
- word
pen-THÊE-sa-te
- sentence
ta-lai-pô-RÊE-sa-te KAI pen-THÊE-sa-te KAI KLAU-sa-te ho GE-los hy-MÔN eis PEN-thos me-ta-tra-PÊE-tô KAI hê kha-RA eis ka-TÊE-phei-an
Exegesis
The verse opens with a tightly coordinated chain of three aorist active imperatives, talaiporesate {ταλαιπωρήσατε | talaipōrḗsate}, penthesate {πενθήσατε | penthḗsate}, and klausate {κλαύσατε | klaúsate}. The aorist imperative here calls for decisive, whole-hearted action rather than ongoing process, and the asyndetic piling-up of emotion-laden verbs (be miserable, mourn, weep) creates rhetorical intensity.
In context — James 4:9
Be miserable , and mourn, and weep. Let your laughter become mourning, and let your joy become gloom .
About this coordinate
James 4:9:3 is a BCV:P reference — Book · Chapter · Verse · Word Position. It addresses word 3 of James 4:9, so the Greek word πενθήσατε (penthêesate) can be cited, linked and studied at exactly this position rather than somewhere in the verse. In the Biblical Knowledge Coordinate System the same position is written Jas.4.9.W3, which extends further down to each syllable (Jas.4.9.W3.S1) and character.