Romans 13:1:12Rom.13.1.W12TAB
ὑπὸ
hypo
“by”
- Transliteration
- hy-PO
- Extended
- hyoo-POH
- IPA
- /hyˈpo/
Meaning by language
- English
- by
Greek · tap a syllable to hear it
Alphabet Analysis
| Upsilon | i — as in machine | |
| Pi | p — as in pet | |
| Omicron | o — as in omit (short) |
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The word
Word in context
- word
hy-PO
- sentence
PA-sa psy-KHÊ ek-sou-SI-ais hy-pe-re-KHOU-sais hy-po-ta-ssE-STHÔ ou gar ES-tin ek-sou-SI-a ei mê hy-PO the-OU hai de OU-sai hy-PO the-OU te-tag-ME-nai ei-SIN
Exegesis
The conjunction gar {γὰρ | gar} introduces a causal clause indicating rationale: ou gar estin exousia ei me hypo theou {οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν ἐξουσία εἰ μὴ ὑπὸ θεοῦ | ou gar é-stin ex-ou-sí-a ei mē hy-po the-ou}, where ou gar gives ‘for there is not’, and the exceptive ei me construction yields ‘unless from God’, marking God as the source of legitimation.
Finally, the appositional clause hai de ousai hypo theou tetagmenai eisin {αἱ δὲ οὖσαι ὑπὸ θεοῦ τεταγμέναι εἰσίν | hai de oû-sai hy-po the-ou te-tag-mé-nai ei-sín} defines those ‘authorities that exist’ as those ‘appointed by God’, with the perfect passive participle tetagmenai emphasizing a completed divine act whose result continues in the present.
Root and etymology
hypotassōhypotássō
“to subordinate, to arrange under”
In context — Romans 13:1
Each person must submit to the governing authorities, because no authority exists unless it is from God ; and the authorities that are present have been appointed by God.
About this coordinate
Romans 13:1:12 is a BCV:P reference — Book · Chapter · Verse · Word Position. It addresses word 12 of Romans 13:1, so the Greek word ὑπὸ (hypo) can be cited, linked and studied at exactly this position rather than somewhere in the verse. In the Biblical Knowledge Coordinate System the same position is written Rom.13.1.W12, which extends further down to each syllable (Rom.13.1.W12.S1) and character.