τοῖς

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 τοῖς

   tois

   to the
2. sentence🔊 ἔπειτα ὤφθη Ἰακώβῳ εἶτα τοῖς ἀποστόλοις πᾶσιν

   E-pe-ta ŌPH-thê ia-KŌ-bō EI-ta tois a-po-STO-lois PA-sin

   then he appeared to James then to the apostles all

Exegesis

The sequential adverbs epeita {ἔπειτα | é-pei-ta} and eita {εἶτα | eî-ta} bracket the clause, marking successive stages in the post-resurrection revelations, with the first adverb introducing the appearance to Iakobo {Ἰακώβῳ | I-a-kṓ-bō} and the second introducing the subsequent appearance to tois apostolois pasin {τοῖς ἀποστόλοις πᾶσιν | toîs a-po-stó-lois pâ-sin}. The singular dative Iakobo stands directly after ophthe, isolating James as a prominent witness, while the combined dative phrase tois apostolois pasin places the adjective pasin at the close for emphatic totality among the apostolic witnesses. The passive form ophthe underscores Christ’s divine initiative, a nuance rendered in English by active verbs (“appeared,” “made Himself known”) to preserve clarity about the subject. The English translations maintain the temporal progression established by the Greek sequence, shifting from a specific individual encounter to a comprehensive apostolic audience.