שׂוּמָ֔ה

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 שׂוּמָ֔ה

   su-MA

   set or established
2. phraseyour reading level🔊 הָיְתָ֣ה שׂוּמָ֔ה

   ha-ye-TA su-MA

   it has been set or established
3. clause🔊 כִּֽי־עַל־פִּ֤י אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ הָיְתָ֣ה שׂוּמָ֔ה מִיּוֹם֙ עַנֹּת֔וֹ אֵ֖ת תָּמָ֥ר אֲחֹתֽוֹ׃

   ki-al-PI av-sha-LOM ha-ye-TA su-MA mi-YOM a-NO-to ET ta-MAR a-kho-TO

   for by the mouth of Absalom it has been set or established from the day his violating or humiliating Tamar his sister
4. sentence🔊 וַיַּ֡עַן יוֹנָדָ֣ב בֶּן־שִׁמְעָ֨ה אֲחִֽי־דָוִ֜ד וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַל־יֹאמַ֤ר אֲדֹנִי֙ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַנְּעָרִ֤ים בְּנֵֽי־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הֵמִ֔יתוּ כִּֽי־אַמְנ֥וֹן לְבַדּ֖וֹ מֵ֑ת כִּֽי־עַל־פִּ֤י אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ הָיְתָ֣ה שׂוּמָ֔ה מִיּוֹם֙ עַנֹּת֔וֹ אֵ֖ת תָּמָ֥ר אֲחֹתֽוֹ׃

   va-YA-an yo-na-DAV ben-shim-A a-khi-da-VID va-yo-MER al-yo-MAR a-do-NI ET kol-ha-ne-a-RIM be-NE-ha-ME-lekh he-MI-tu ki-am-NON le-vad-DO MET ki-al-PI av-sha-LOM ha-ye-TA su-MA mi-YOM a-NO-to ET ta-MAR a-kho-TO

   and answered Jonadab son of Shimeah brother of David and said let not {him} say my lord all the young men sons of the king they have put to death for Amnon alone is dead for by the mouth of Absalom it has been set or established from the day his violating or humiliating Tamar his sister

Exegesis

The passive participle sumah {שׂוּמָה | sû-māh} ‘determined’ denotes the settled nature of Absalom’s plot, while the temporal phrase mi-yom annoto et Tamar {מִיּוֹם עַנֹּתוֹ אֵת תָּמָר | mi-yôm ’an-nô-ṯô ’ēt ṯā-mār} ‘from the day he afflicted Tamar’ underscores its enduring character. English uses an SVO pattern for readability but preserves the Hebrew sequence of assertion, correction, and motive for rhetorical force.

Root and etymology

ש־ו־ם🔊 š-w-mshin–waw–mem

“to set, place”

• 🔊 שִׂיםšîmto putGenesis 2:8