| 23. Linguistic Exegesis The verse uses the conjunction veyo’av {וְיוֹאָב | və-yō-’ā-ḇ} to introduce Joab as the new subject, followed by the prepositional phrase el kol-ha-tsava yisra’el {אֶל־כָּל־הַצָּבָא יִשְׂרָאֵל | ʾel kol-hā-ṣā-ḇāʾ yiś-rā-’ēl} denoting his authority over the army. The coordinator uvenayah ben-yehoiada {וּבְנָיָהׂ בֶּן־יְה֣וֹיָדָע | ū-və-nā-yāh ben-yə-hō-yā-ḏāʿ} sequentially introduces Benaiah. The paired prepositional phrases al-ha-kereti ve-al-ha-peleti {עַל־הַכְּרֵתִי וְעַל־הַפְּלֵתִי | ʿal-hă-kĕ-rê-ṯî wə-ʿal-hā-p̄lê-ṯî} specify the military units under his charge. The definite article ha- marks these groups as distinct elite corps. Hebrew order and coordination are retained to reflect formal hierarchy and command structure. |