| 28. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with the participial clause akousantes {Ἀκούσαντες | a-koú-san-tes} ‘having heard’, followed by another participle genomenoi {γενόμενοι | ge-nó-me-noi} ‘having become’. These two aorist participles form a temporal and causal background, indicating that the act of hearing leads to a changed emotional state. The phrase plereis thymou {πλήρεις θυμοῦ | plḗ-reis thu-moû} ‘full of wrath’ uses a genitive of content to describe what fills them internally, explaining the motivation for the subsequent action. The imperfect main verb ekrazon {ἔκραζον | é-kra-zon} ‘they were crying out’ portrays continuous, repeated shouting, while the attendant circumstance participle legontes {λέγοντες | lé-gon-tes} ‘saying’ introduces the specific content of the uproar. The acclamation megale he Artemis Ephesion {Μεγάλη ἡ Ἄρτεμις Ἐφεσίων | Me-gá-lē hē Ár-te-mis E-phe-sí-ōn} is structured as a predicate adjective construction, with the adjective ‘great’ placed first for emphasis and the article marking ‘Artemis of the Ephesians’ as the subject. This word order highlights the greatness attributed to the deity and reflects a fixed cultic slogan. In translation, the participles are rendered as temporal clauses (“when they heard,” “had become”) to produce natural English while preserving the sequence of hearing, becoming enraged, and then shouting, and the chant is kept as a formal, set phrase to convey its liturgical, crowd-chant character. |