ἐνεφάνισαν

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 ἐνεφάνισαν

   e-ne-PHA-ni-san

   presented
2. phraseyour reading level🔊 οἵτινες ἐνεφάνισαν τῷ ἡγεμόνι κατὰ τοῦ Παύλου.

   HOI-ti-nes e-ne-PHA-ni-san tôi hê-ge-MO-ni ka-TA tou PAU-lou

   who presented to the governor against the Paul
3. clause🔊 καὶ ῥήτορος Τερτύλλου τινός, οἵτινες ἐνεφάνισαν τῷ ἡγεμόνι κατὰ τοῦ Παύλου.

   KAI RHÊ-to-ros ter-TYL-lou ti-NOS HOI-ti-nes e-ne-PHA-ni-san tôi hê-ge-MO-ni ka-TA tou PAU-lou

   and an advocate Tertullus a certain who presented to the governor against the Paul
4. sentence🔊 Μετὰ δὲ πέντε ἡμέρας κατέβη ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς Ἀνανίας μετὰ πρεσβυτέρων τινῶν· καὶ ῥήτορος Τερτύλλου τινός, οἵτινες ἐνεφάνισαν τῷ ἡγεμόνι κατὰ τοῦ Παύλου.

   me-TA de PEN-te hê-ME-ras ka-TE-bê ho ar-khi-e-REUS a-na-NI-as me-TA pres-by-TE-rôn ti-NÔN KAI RHÊ-to-ros ter-TYL-lou ti-NOS HOI-ti-nes e-ne-PHA-ni-san tôi hê-ge-MO-ni ka-TA tou PAU-lou

   after and five days came down the high priest Ananias with elders of some and an advocate Tertullus a certain who presented to the governor against the Paul

Exegesis

The qualitative relative pronoun hoitines {οἵτινες | hoí-ti-nes} introduces a relative clause that characterizes the entire party by their action rather than merely supplying incidental information: enephanisan tō hegemonī kata tou Paulou {ἐνεφάνισαν τῷ ἡγεμόνι κατὰ τοῦ Παύλου | e-ne-phá-ni-san tôi hē-ge-mó-ni katá tou Paú-lou} “they presented to the governor against Paul.” The verb enephanisan, often used in legal or formal contexts, together with the preposition kata plus the genitive, conveys an official accusation rather than a simple report. In translation, the singular movement of the high priest is preserved (“went down”), while the plural relative clause is rendered with “these men” or “they” to make explicit that the entire delegation is involved in bringing charges, reflecting the Greek shift from singular subject to plural relative clause.