καὶ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 καὶ

   kai

   and
2. sentence🔊 Τῇ οὖν ἐπαύριον ἐλθόντος τοῦ Ἀγρίππα καὶ τῆς Βερνίκης μετὰ πολλῆς φαντασίας καὶ εἰσελθόντων εἰς τὸ ἀκροατήριον σύν τε χιλιάρχοις καὶ ἀνδράσιν τοῖς κατʼ ἐξοχὴν τῆς πόλεως καὶ κελεύσαντος τοῦ Φήστου ἤχθη ὁ Παῦλος

   tê OUN e-PAU-ri-on el-THON-tos tou a-GRI-pa kai tês ber-NEE-kēs me-TA pol-LÊS phan-ta-SI-as kai ei-sel-THON-tōn eis to a-kro-a-TÊ-ri-on SYN te khi-li-AR-khois kai an-DRA-sin tois kat ek-so-KHÊN tês PO-le-ōs kai ke-LEU-san-tos tou PHÊS-tou ÊKH-thē ho PAU-los

   to the therefore next day having come of the Agrippa and of the Bernice with great pomp and having entered into the audience hall with and military tribunes and men the according to prominence of the city and having commanded of the Festus was brought the Paul

Exegesis

A chain of genitive absolute constructions structures the sentence: elthontos tou Agrippa kai tēs Bernikēs {ἐλθόντος τοῦ Ἀγρίππα καὶ τῆς Βερνίκης | elthóntos tou Agríppa kaí tēs Berníkēs} ‘when Agrippa and Bernice had come’, eiselthontōn eis to akroatērion {εἰσελθόντων εἰς τὸ ἀκροατήριον | eiselthóntōn eis tó akroatḗrion} ‘when they had entered into the audience hall’, and keleusantos tou Phēstou {κελεύσαντος τοῦ Φήστου | keleúsantos tou Phḗstou} ‘when Festus had given the order’.

The coordinated prepositional cluster syn te chiliarchois kai andrasin tois kat exochēn tēs poleōs {σύν τε χιλιάρχοις καὶ ἀνδράσιν τοῖς κατʼ ἐξοχὴν τῆς πόλεως | sún te khiliárkhois kaí andrásin toîs kat’ exokhḕn tês póleōs} gathers both military and civic elites, with kat exochēn functioning idiomatically to single out the socially prominent men of the city. English rendering breaks the long Greek period into two sentences, retaining the temporal progression from royal arrival, to entry into the hall, to the governor’s command, and finally to Paul’s appearance, thus preserving the narrative build-up and highlighting the contrast between worldly pomp and the prisoner who is brought in.

Root and etymology

Kaisar🔊 Καῖσαρkappa–alpha–iota–sigma–alpha–rho

“imperial title”