Exodus 22:3:1Exod.22.3.W1TABWLC Exodus 22:2
אִם־זָרְחָ֥ה
imzarkha
“if has risen”
- Transliteration
- im-zar-KHA
- Extended
- ihm-zahr-KHAA
- IPA
- /ʔim.zarˈħaː/
Meaning by language
- English
- if has risen
Hebrew · tap a syllable to hear it
Alphabet Analysis
| Aleph | silent — a glottal stop; holds vowel points | |
| Hireq | 'ee' as in machine | |
| Mem Sofit | final form of Mem — at word end | |
| Zayin | z as in zero | |
| Qamets | long 'ah' | |
| Resh | r guttural, like the French r | |
| Sheva | silent sheva — no sound; closes the syllable | |
| Chet | ch — deep guttural, as in Scottish loch | |
| Qamets | long 'ah' | |
| He | h as in house; silent at word end |
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The word
Word in context
- word
im-zar-KHA
- phraseyour reading level
im-zar-KHA ha-SHE-mesh
- clause
im-zar-KHA ha-SHE-mesh a-LAV da-MIM LO
- sentence
im-zar-KHA ha-SHE-mesh a-LAV da-MIM LO sha-LEM ye-shal-LEM im-EN LO veh-nim-KAR big-ne-va-TO
Exegesis
The verse opens with the conditional particle im {אִם | ʾim} marking a protasis.
The Qal perfect zorcha {זָרְחָה | zārəḥā} “has shone” with haššāmeš {הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ | haš-šā-meš} “the sun” establishes a dawn timeframe.
The second im {אִם | ʾim} introduces the apodosis with the existential negation ʾēn {אֵין | ʾēn} “there is not,” followed by the vav-consecutive Nifal wə-nimmakkār {וְנִמְכַּר | wə-nim-ma-kkār} “and he shall be sold,” indicating forced servitude for bi-gnevatō {בִּגְנֵבָתוֹ | bi-gne-va-tō} “theft.” This conditional sequence contrasts nighttime self-defense (v.2) with accountability at dawn.
In context — Exodus 22:3
But if the sun has risen upon him, bloodguilt shall rest on the one who struck him; the thief must make full restitution. If he has nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft .
About this coordinate
Exodus 22:3:1 is a BCV:P reference — Book · Chapter · Verse · Word Position. It addresses word 1 of Exodus 22:3, so the Hebrew word אִם־זָרְחָ֥ה (imzarkha) can be cited, linked and studied at exactly this position rather than somewhere in the verse. In the Biblical Knowledge Coordinate System the same position is written Exod.22.3.W1, which extends further down to each syllable (Exod.22.3.W1.S1) and character.