כִּ֤י

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 כִּ֤י

   KI

   because
2. phraseyour reading level🔊 כִּ֤י הִקְשׁוּ֙

   KI hik-SHU

   because they stiffened
3. clause🔊 כִּ֤י הִקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י שְׁמ֥וֹעַ אֶת־דְּבָרָֽי׃

   KI hik-SHU et-ar-PAHM le-vil-TI she-MO-a et-de-va-RAI

   because they stiffened their neck so as not to to hear my words
4. sentence🔊 כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֨י מבי מֵבִ֜יא אֶל־הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ וְעַל־כָּל־עָרֶ֔יהָ אֵ֚ת כָּל־הָ֣רָעָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי עָלֶ֑יהָ כִּ֤י הִקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י שְׁמ֥וֹעַ אֶת־דְּבָרָֽי׃

   ko-A-MAR ye-ho-VAH tse-va-OT e-lo-HE yis-ra-EL hin-NE me-VI me-VI el-ha-IR ha-ZOT ve-al-kol-a-RE-ha ET kol-ha-ra-A a-SHER di-BAR-ti a-LE-ha KI hik-SHU et-ar-PAHM le-vil-TI she-MO-a et-de-va-RAI

   thus said the LORD of hosts God of Israel behold, I bringing I am bringing to the city this and upon all its towns all the disaster that I spoke against it because they stiffened their neck so as not to to hear my words

Exegesis

The causal clause ki hikshu et-orpam levilti shemoa et-devarai {כִּי הִקְשׁוּ אֶת־עָרְפָם לְבִלְתִּי שְׁמֹעַ אֶת־דְּבָרָי | kî hiqšū ʾêṯ ʿorpām ləbiltî šəmōaʿ ʾêṯ dəvarāy} employs a purpose-negative infinitive to express their refusal: they have hardened their neck—idiom for obstinate resistance—so as not to hear God’s words. The English rendition preserves Hebrew structure while conveying divine authority and imminent judgment.

Root and etymology

“to pour out, libation”

• 🔊 נֶסֶךְne-sekhdrink offeringNumbers 28:7