Job 18:20:4Job.18.20.W4TAB
וְ֝קַדְמֹנִ֗ים
vekadmonim
“and the former ones or those before”
- Transliteration
- ve-kad-mo-NIM
- Extended
- veh-kahd-moh-NEEM
- IPA
- /vəqadmoːˈniːm/
Meaning by language
- English
- and the former ones or those before
Hebrew · tap a syllable to hear it
Alphabet Analysis
| Vav | v as in vine; marks long ō / ū | |
| Sheva | vocal sheva — a short 'e' (ə), begins a syllable | |
| Qof | q — deep k, uvular | |
| Patach | short 'ah' as in father | |
| Dalet | d as in door | |
| Sheva | silent sheva — no sound; closes the syllable | |
| Mem | m as in mother | |
| Holem | long 'oh' as in go | |
| Nun | n as in new | |
| Hireq | 'ee' as in machine | |
| Yod | y as in yes; marks long ī | |
| Mem Sofit | final form of Mem — at word end |
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The word
Word in context
- word
ve-kad-mo-NIM
- clause
ve-kad-mo-NIM a-kha-ZU SA-ar
- sentence
al-YO-mo na-SHAM-mu a-kha-ro-NIM ve-kad-mo-NIM a-kha-ZU SA-ar
Exegesis
The second clause, coordinated by vav, mirrors this structure: veqadmonim {וְ֝קַדְמֹנִ֗ים | wə-qadmōnîm} ‘and former ones’ + achazu {אָ֣חֲזוּ | ʾāḥăzû} ‘seized’ + saar {שָֽׂעַר | śāʿar} ‘horror.’ Together, acharonim and qadmonim form a merism that conveys a universal response across time. Perfect verbs in both clauses present these reactions as settled truths, consistent with wisdom-poetry’s portrayal of the fate awaiting the wicked.
In context — Job 18:20
At his day , the later ones are appalled, and the former ones are seized with horror .
About this coordinate
Job 18:20:4 is a BCV:P reference — Book · Chapter · Verse · Word Position. It addresses word 4 of Job 18:20, so the Hebrew word וְ֝קַדְמֹנִ֗ים (vekadmonim) can be cited, linked and studied at exactly this position rather than somewhere in the verse. In the Biblical Knowledge Coordinate System the same position is written Job.18.20.W4, which extends further down to each syllable (Job.18.20.W4.S1) and character.