| 17. Linguistic Exegesis The construct ish {אִישׁ | ʾîš} ‘man’ and machsor {מַחְסוֹר | maḥsôr} ‘poverty’ form a genitive phrase “man of poverty.” Two parallel qal participles ohev {אֹהֵב | ʾōhēv} introduce habitual inclinations to simchah {שִׂמְחָה | səmḥâ} ‘pleasure’ and the coordinated pair yayin {יַיִן | yāyîn} ‘wine’ and shemen {שֶׁמֶן | šêmên} ‘oil.’ The negative particle lo {לֹא | lōʾ} precedes the hifil imperfect yaʿăšîr {יַעֲשִׁיר | yaʿăšîr} forming a protasis–apodosis structure, linking the habitual love to its future consequence. |