| 25. Linguistic Exegesis The verse consists of three coordinated clauses introduced by vav-consecutive perfect verbs, outlining successive phases of fodder management. The opening verb galah {גָּלָ֣ה | gā-lāʾ} ‘is removed’ in the Qal perfect with vav-consecutive establishes a temporal sequence. It is followed by wə-nirʼāh {וְנִרְאָה | wə-nir-ʼāh} ‘and appears’, a Nifal perfect describing the emergence of dēšê {דֶשֶׁא | dê-šê} ‘tender grass’. The final clause employs wə-neʼeśfū {וְנֶאֶסְפ֗וּ | wə-ne-es-pû} ‘and are gathered’, another Nifal perfect governing the construct chain ʿiśśəvôṯ hārîm {עִשְּׂבוֹת הָרִים | ʿiś-ə-bôṯ hā-rîm} ‘herbs of the mountains’, situating the harvest in the hill country. In the formal reconstruction, the parallel clause structure is retained to mirror the Hebrew sequence, whereas the dynamic reconstruction introduces an initial temporal clause (“After the old grass is gone”) to render the progression idiomatically in English. Both translations preserve the construct relationship between ʿiśśəvôṯ and hārîm. |