| 16. Linguistic Exegesis The verse begins with the vav-consecutive verb ve-yitten {וְיִתֵּן | wə-yit-ten} ‘and he will give’, establishing a future judgment action. The direct object marker et {אֶת־ | ʼet-} directly marks Yisra’el {יִשְׂרָאֵל | yi-srā-ʼēl} as the recipient of this action. The causal prepositional phrase biglal chatot {בִּגְלַל חַטֹּאות | bi-gə-lal ḥaṭ-ṭō-ʼēṯ} ‘because of the sins’ introduces the reason. Two parallel relative clauses, asher chata {אֲשֶׁר חָטָא | ʾa-šer ḥā-ṭāʼ} ‘which he sinned’ and ve-asher hecheti et Yisra’el {וַאֲשֶׁר הֶחֱטִ֖יא אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל | wa-ʾa-šer he-che-tīʼ ʼet-yi-srā-ʼēl} ‘and which he caused Israel to sin’, reinforce Jeroboam’s direct and vicarious guilt. The hiphil verb hecheti intensifies causation, and the Hebrew structure preserves parallelism and theological emphasis on individual and communal sin. |