מַחֲרֵשָׁתֽוֹ׃

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 מַחֲרֵשָׁתֽוֹ׃

   ma-kha-re-SHA-to

   his sickle
2. clause🔊 לִ֠לְטוֹשׁ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־מַחֲרַשְׁתּ֤וֹ וְאֶת־אֵתוֹ֙ וְאֶת־קַרְדֻּמּ֔וֹ וְאֵ֖ת מַחֲרֵשָׁתֽוֹ׃

   lil-TOsh ISH et-ma-kha-ra-shi-TO ve-et-E-TO ve-et-kar-DU-mo ve-ET ma-kha-re-SHA-to

   to sharpen each man the plowshare of him and the mattock of him and his axe and his sickle
3. sentence🔊 וַיֵּרְד֥וּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים לִ֠לְטוֹשׁ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־מַחֲרַשְׁתּ֤וֹ וְאֶת־אֵתוֹ֙ וְאֶת־קַרְדֻּמּ֔וֹ וְאֵ֖ת מַחֲרֵשָׁתֽוֹ׃

   va-YE-re-DU KAL-yis-ra-EL ha-pe-lish-TIM lil-TOsh ISH et-ma-kha-ra-shi-TO ve-et-E-TO ve-et-kar-DU-mo ve-ET ma-kha-re-SHA-to

   and they went down all Israel to the Philistines to sharpen each man the plowshare of him and the mattock of him and his axe and his sickle

Exegesis

The infinitive construct liltosh {לִ֠לְטוֹשׁ | li-ləṭôš} ‘to sharpen’ expresses purpose, and a series of coordinated direct objects—macharashto {מַחֲרַשְׁתּ֤וֹ | maḥărašṯô}, eto {אֵתוֹ֙ | ʾēṯô}, kardumo {קַרְדֻּמּ֔וֹ | qardummô}, mahareshto {מַחֲרֵשָׁתֽוֹ | maḥārēšaṯô}—each introduced by et {אֶת־ | ʾet-}, underscores individual obligation. In English the phrase is rendered with “to sharpen” and the list of implements is coordinated with commas and conjunction to balance fidelity to the Hebrew enumeration with natural readability.

Root and etymology

ḥ-r-sh🔊 ח־ר־שchet–resh–shin

“to plow, engrave”

• 🔊 חָרַשׁḥārašplowmanIsaiah 41:7