| 12. Source Text: Hebrew (WLC) 1 Samuel 17:12:1 ⧉וְדָוִד֩vedavidand David 1 Samuel 17:12:2 ⧉בֶּן־אִ֨ישׁbenishson of a man 1 Samuel 17:12:3 ⧉אֶפְרָתִ֜יefratian Ephrathite 1 Samuel 17:12:4 ⧉הַזֶּ֗הhazethis 1 Samuel 17:12:5 ⧉מִבֵּ֥יתmibetfrom the house of 1 Samuel 17:12:6 ⧉לֶ֙חֶם֙lekhemBethlehem 1 Samuel 17:12:7 ⧉יְהוּדָ֔הyehudaJudah 1 Samuel 17:12:8 ⧉וּשְׁמ֣וֹushemoand his name 1 Samuel 17:12:9 ⧉יִשַׁ֔יyishaiJesse 1 Samuel 17:12:10 ⧉וְל֖וֹveloand to him or and he had 1 Samuel 17:12:11 ⧉שְׁמֹנָ֣הshemonaeight 1 Samuel 17:12:12 ⧉בָנִ֑יםvanimsons 1 Samuel 17:12:13 ⧉וְהָאִישׁ֙vehaishand the man 1 Samuel 17:12:14 ⧉בִּימֵ֣יbimein the days of 1 Samuel 17:12:15 ⧉שָׁא֔וּלshaulSaul 1 Samuel 17:12:16 ⧉זָקֵ֖ןzakenold 1 Samuel 17:12:17 ⧉בָּ֥אbagoing in or advanced 1 Samuel 17:12:18 ⧉בַאֲנָשִֽׁים׃baanashimamong men |
| 12. Formal Translation Now David was the son of this Ephrathite man from Bethlehem of Judah, whose name was Jesse; he had eight sons, and in the days of Saul he was old. |
| 12. Dynamic Translation David was the son of an Ephrathite from Bethlehem in Judah. His name was Jesse, and he had eight sons. In the days of Saul he was an elderly man. |