1 Samuel 20:16ExegesisTAB

1 Samuel 20 : 16 Covenant | Judgment | Accountability
16. Linguistic Exegesis
The verse opens with the vav-consecutive imperfect verb vayya‘aseh {וַיַּעֲשֶׂה | wayya‘ăśśêh} ‘and he made’, marking sequential narrative action that foregrounds Jonathan’s role. The proper name yehonatan {יְהוֹנָתָן | yəhōnāṯān} functions as the subject. The noun berit {בְּרִית | berîṯ} serves as the direct object within the prepositional phrase ʿim bêṯ dāwîd {עִם־בֵּית דָּוִד | ʿim bêṯ dāwîd}, specifying the covenantal party. The infinitive construct lēʾmôr {לֵאמֹר | lēʾmôr} ‘saying’ introduces two jussive clauses: yiqrāʾ {יִקְרָא | yiqrāʾ} ‘may he call’ and wəḵillēm {וְכִלֵּם | wəḵillēm} ‘and may he destroy them’, expressing a petition to the divine subject. This construction preserves the Hebrew VSO order while shifting to English SVO, emphasizing both the covenant action and the invoked divine judgment.

More on this verse