| 7. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with the emphatic hineni {הִנְנִ֨י | hi-nə-nî} ‘behold’, signaling the divine speaker’s presence. The participle noten {נוֹתֵ֥ן | nō-ṯēn} ‘giving’ governs bo {בּוֹ | bō} ‘in him’, indicating God’s act of imparting ruach {רוּחַ | rū-aḥ} ‘spirit/impulse’. A vav consecutive chain ve-shama {וְשָׁמַע | wə-šā-maʿ} ‘and he will hear’ → ve-shav {וְשָׁב | wə-šaḇ} ‘and he will return’ creates a sequence of human response. The causative ve-hippaltiw {וְהִפַּלְתִּ֥יו | wə-hip-pal-tîw} ‘and I will cause him to fall’ introduces divine agency, closed by the instrumental ba-cherev {בַּחֶ֖רֶב | ba-ḥe-rev} ‘by the sword’ and the locative be-artso {בְּאַרְצֽוֹ | bə-ʾar-ṣō} ‘in his land’. This structure emphasizes progressive divine intervention leading to judgment. |