| 41. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with the conjunction-ve on oyevai {וְאֹיְבַי | wə-ʾō·yē·ḇay}, linking this deliverance to David’s past victories. The Qal perfect tattah {תַּתָּה | tat·tāh} conveys divine action of granting subjugation, while the idiom li oref {לִי עֹרֶף | li ʿō·ref} employs “neck” metaphorically for defeat or forced retreat. The participle mesan’ai {מְשַׂנְאַי | məs·san·ʾā·y} underlines the personal animosity of those foes, and the vav-consecutive Hiphil imperfect vaatsmitem {וָאַצְמִיתֵם | wā·ʼaṣ·mî·tēm} indicates their decisive destruction. The structure presents divine enablement followed by the human execution of judgment. |