| 19. Linguistic Exegesis The verse presents a paratactic sequence of perfect and participle forms to convey escalating shame. The verb hôšləḵtâ {הָשְׁלַ֤כְתָּ | hôšləḵtâ} ‘have been thrown’ signals forceful expulsion. The prepositional phrase miqqivrəḵā {מִֽקִּבְרְךָ֙ | miqqivrəḵā} ‘from your grave’ underscores the loss of honored rest. A simile introduced by kənêṣer {כְּנֵ֣צֶר | kənêṣer} ‘shoot’ followed by niṯʿāb {נִתְעָ֔ב | niṯʿāb} ‘abhorred’ heightens contempt. The participles mə-ṭōʿānê {מְטֹ֣עֲנֵי | mə-ṭōʿānê} ‘pierced’, yōrḏê {יוֹרְדֵ֥י | yōrḏê} ‘descending’, and mūḇas {מוּבָֽס | mūḇas} ‘trampled’ accumulate to depict utter defeat. The construct chain ʾel-ʾavnê-ḇôr {אֶל־אַבְנֵי־ב֖וֹר | ʾel-ʾavnê-ḇôr} ‘to the stones of the pit’ situates this descent in a deep pit, reinforcing total humiliation. |