| 13. Source Text: Hebrew (WLC) Isaiah 23:13:1 ⧉הֵ֣ןhenbehold Isaiah 23:13:2 ⧉אֶ֣רֶץeretsland Isaiah 23:13:3 ⧉כַּשְׂדִּ֗יםkasdedimof the Chaldeans Isaiah 23:13:4 ⧉זֶ֤הzethis Isaiah 23:13:5 ⧉הָעָם֙haamthe people Isaiah 23:13:6 ⧉לֹ֣אlonot Isaiah 23:13:7 ⧉הָיָ֔הhayawas Isaiah 23:13:8 ⧉אַשּׁ֖וּרashurAssyria Isaiah 23:13:9 ⧉יְסָדָ֣הּyesadafounded it Isaiah 23:13:10 ⧉לְצִיִּ֑יםletsiyimfor desert creatures Isaiah 23:13:11 ⧉הֵקִ֣ימוּhekimuthey raised up Isaiah 23:13:12 ⧉בחיניוbekhinayvits siege works or its watchtowers Isaiah 23:13:13 ⧉בַחוּנָ֗יוvakhunayvits fortifications or its ramparts Isaiah 23:13:14 ⧉עֹרְרוּ֙oreruthey roused or they laid bare Isaiah 23:13:15 ⧉אַרְמְנוֹתֶ֔יהָarmenotehaher palaces Isaiah 23:13:16 ⧉שָׂמָ֖הּsamahe made it Isaiah 23:13:17 ⧉לְמַפֵּלָֽה׃lemappelafor a ruin |
| 13. Formal Translation Behold, the land of the Chaldeans—this people did not exist; Assyria founded it for desert creatures, they set up its watchtowers, they stripped her palaces, and made it a ruin. |
| 13. Dynamic Translation Look at the land of the Chaldeans! This nation did not exist before; Assyria set it up for creatures of the wilderness. They built its siege towers, they stripped her palaces bare, and then turned it into a ruin. |