| 5. Linguistic Exegesis The opening particle hinneh {הִנֵּה | hin-nê} ‘behold’ sets an urgent tone. The construct yamim ba’im {יָמִים בָּאִים | yā-mîm bā-ʾîm} ‘days are coming’ uses a noun+participle to express future time, which is rendered with a future verb form in English. The phrase n’um Yahweh {נְאֻם־יְהוָה | nə-ʾum Yahweh} ‘utterance of the LORD’ places divine authority before the statement. The causative verb va-hakimoti {וַהֲקִמֹתִ֥י | va-ha-qim-ō-tî} ‘I will raise up’ signals active divine agency. The title tsemach tsaddiq {צֶמַח צַדִּיק | tse-maḥ ṣad-dîq} ‘righteous branch’ in construct relationship conveys messianic fulfillment through Davidic lineage, here rendered as ‘righteous Branch’. A sequence of perfect verbs—u-ma-lakh {וּמָלַךְ | u-mā-lakh} ‘he will reign’, ve-his-kil {וְהִשְׂכִּיל | ve-his-qîl} ‘he will act wisely’, and ve-asah {וְעָשָׂה | ve-ʿa-sāh} ‘he will do’—outlines the Branch’s governance. The pairing mishpat u-tse-daqah {מִשְׁפָּט וּצְדָקָה | miš-pāṭ u-ṣə-dā-qāh} ‘justice and righteousness’ forms a typical prophetic collocation, here rendered idiomatically as “justice and righteousness.” The locative phrase ba-aretz {בָּאָרֶץ | ba-ʾā-reṣ} ‘in the land’ grounds these promises in covenant territory. |