ὁ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 ὁ

   ho

   who
2. clause🔊 πᾶς ὁ βασιλέα ἑαυτὸν ποιῶν ἀντιλέγει τῷ Καίσαρι.

   PAS ho ba-si-LE-a he-au-TON poi-ÔN an-ti-LE-yei TOI KAI-sa-ri

   everyone making himself who king opposes to {the} Caesar
3. sentence🔊 ἐκ τούτου ⸂ὁ Πιλᾶτος ἐζήτει⸃ ἀπολῦσαι αὐτόν οἱ δὲ Ἰουδαῖοι ⸀ἐκραύγασαν λέγοντες· Ἐὰν τοῦτον ἀπολύσῃς, οὐκ εἶ φίλος τοῦ Καίσαρος· πᾶς ὁ βασιλέα ἑαυτὸν ποιῶν ἀντιλέγει τῷ Καίσαρι.

   ek TOU-tou ho pi-LA-tos e-ZÊ-tei a-po-LY-sai au-TON hoi DE i-ou-DAI-oi e-KRAU-ga-san LE-gon-tes e-AN TOU-ton a-po-LY-sês ouk EI PHI-los TOU KAI-sa-ros PAS ho ba-si-LE-a he-au-TON poi-ÔN an-ti-LE-yei TOI KAI-sa-ri

   from this {the} Pilate {He} was seeking to release him but the Jews {They} cried out saying if this man you release you are not friend of {the} Caesar everyone making himself who king opposes to {the} Caesar

Exegesis

The subject–verb sequence ho Pilatos ezetei apolusai auton {ὁ Πιλᾶτος ἐζήτει ἀπολῦσαι αὐτόν | ho Pilâ-tos ezḗ-tei apolŷ-sai autón} places Pilate’s ongoing intention in focus, with the imperfect ezetei conveying repeated or continuous attempts, and the infinitive apolusai expressing his purpose to release Jesus.

The final clause, pas ho basilea heauton poion antilegei to Kaisari {πᾶς ὁ βασιλέα ἑαυτὸν ποιῶν ἀντιλέγει τῷ Καίσαρι | pâs ho basi-lé-a he-au-tón poi-ôn anti-lé-gei tôi Kaí-sa-ri}, is a generic maxim introduced by pas ‘everyone’, with a participial phrase ho basilea heauton poion ‘the one making himself a king’ functioning as the subject of antilegei ‘speaks against, opposes’. The accusative basilea is the predicate of the reflexive construction with heauton, emphasizing self-asserted royal status as direct opposition to Caesar. In translation, the participle poiōn is rendered with a relative or descriptive structure (“who makes himself a king” / “who claims to be a king”) to preserve its ongoing, characterizing force, while maintaining the legal-political framing of the accusation.

Root and etymology

Pilatos🔊 Πιλᾶτοςpi–iota–lambda–alpha–tau–omicron–sigma

“Pilate, Roman governor”