καὶ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 καὶ

   KAI

   and
2. phraseyour reading level🔊 Εἱστήκεισαν δὲ παρὰ τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡ ἀδελφὴ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ,

   hei-STÊ-kei-san DE pa-RA TOI stau-ROI TOU ee-ay-SOO HÊ MÊ-têr au-TOU KAI HÊ a-del-PHÊ TÊS mê-TROS au-TOU

   but by the cross of {the} Jesus were standing his the mother of and the sister of the his mother of
3. sentence🔊 Εἱστήκεισαν δὲ παρὰ τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡ ἀδελφὴ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ, Μαρία ἡ τοῦ Κλωπᾶ καὶ Μαρία ἡ Μαγδαληνή.

   hei-STÊ-kei-san DE pa-RA TOI stau-ROI TOU ee-ay-SOO HÊ MÊ-têr au-TOU KAI HÊ a-del-PHÊ TÊS mê-TROS au-TOU ma-RI-a HÊ TOU klô-PA KAI ma-RI-a HÊ mag-da-lê-NÊ

   but by the cross of {the} Jesus were standing his the mother of and the sister of the his mother of Mary wife of {the} Clopas and Mary {the} Magdalene

Exegesis

Appositional constructions then further define the women: Maria hē tou Klopa {Μαρία ἡ τοῦ Κλωπᾶ | Maria hē tou Klōpa} ‘Mary, the one of Clopas’ (understood as his wife) and kai Maria hē Magdalene {καὶ Μαρία ἡ Μαγδαληνή | kai Maria hē Mag-dalēnḗ} ‘and Mary the Magdalene’.

The repeated kai {καὶ | kaí} coordinates the series, and the pattern of article plus genitive (hē tou Klopa) and article plus epithet (hē Magdalene) serves to distinguish the different Marys. English rendering mirrors this syntactic layering by maintaining the sequence of nominative subjects and by expressing the genitive relationships with “His mother,” “His mother’s sister,” “the wife of Clopas,” and the descriptive title “Magdalene.”

Root and etymology

Kaisar🔊 Καίσαρkappa–alpha–iota–sigma–alpha–rho

“Caesar, emperor”

• 🔊 ΚαισάρειαKai-sá-reiaCaesareaActs 10:1