| 15. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with the onomastic marker veshem {וְשֵׁם | wə-šēm} ‘and name’, indicating designation. The adverb lefanim {לְפָנִים | lə-p̄ā-nîm} ‘formerly’ sets a temporal frame for the nominal clause. The construct chain qiryat arba {קִרְיַת אַרְבַּע | qir-yāṯ ’ar-b́āʿ} names the city’s earlier title. The appositional phrase ha-adam ha-gadol {הָאָדָם הַגָּדוֹל | hā-’ā-ḏām ha-ḡā-ḏôl} with the modifier ba-anakim {בָּעֲנָקִים | bā-‘ănā-qîm} attributes renown and lineage to Arba. The pronoun hu {הוּא | hūʾ} resumes the subject. The perfect verb shakta {שָׁקְטָה | šā-qə-ṯāh} ‘was at rest’ agrees with ve-ha-aretz {וְהָאָרֶץ | wə-hā-’ā-reṣ} and conveys completed cessation. Finally, mi-milchamah {מִמִּלְחָמָה | min-mil-ḥā-māh} ‘from war’ indicates the source of calm. The two-part structure contrasts name origin with the resulting peace. |