| 14. Linguistic Exegesis The verse presents a threefold prohibition introduced by mikkol {מִכֹּל | mi-qōl} ‘from all’ and asher-yetse {אֲשֶׁר־יֵצֵא֩ | ’ašer-yēṣē’} ‘which goes out’ to define the scope. The phrase mi-gefen {מִגֶּפֶן | min-ge-p̄en} ha-yayin {הַיַּיִן | ha-ya-yin} specifies the source. The negation particles lo {לֹא | lō’} and al {אַל | ’al} govern the Qal imperfect verbs tokhal {תֹאכַל | tō’-khal} and teshet {תֵּשְׁתְּ | tē-šteh}, conveying ongoing prohibition. The conjunction vav {וְ | wə-} links wine and shekar {שֵׁכָר | šē-kār} ‘strong drink.’ The summary clause employs ve-kol-tumah {וְכָל־טֻמְאָה | wə-kōl-tū-māh} ‘and any unclean thing,’ followed by the relative clause asher-tsivitihah {אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּיתִ֖יהָ | ’ašer-ṣiv-vī-tî-hā} in the perfect and tishmor {תִּשְׁמֹֽר | tīš-môr} in the imperfect to emphasize a sustained obligation. |