παρελθὼν

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 παρελθὼν

   pa-rel-THŌN

   having come
2. sentence🔊 Τίς δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν δοῦλον ἔχων ἀροτριῶντα ἢ ποιμαίνοντα ὃς εἰσελθόντι ἐκ τοῦ ἀγροῦ ἐρεῖ αὐτῷ Εὐθέως παρελθὼν ἀνάπεσε

   TIS de eks hy-MON DOU-lon E-khōn a-ro-tri-ŌN-ta Ê poi-ma-EE-non-ta hos ei-sel-THON-ti ek tou a-GROU e-REI au-TÔ eu-THE-ōs pa-rel-THŌN a-NA-pe-se

   Who then from you a slave having plowing or shepherding who when he came in from the field will say to him immediately having come recline

Exegesis

Direct speech follows, introduced without a verb of saying, consisting of an adverb–participle–imperative chain: Eutheōs parelthōn anapese {Εὐθέως παρελθὼν ἀνάπεσε | eu-thé-ōs pa-rel-thṓn a-ná-pe-se}. The adverb eutheōs ‘immediately’ modifies the participle parelthōn ‘having come (over, here),’ which in turn is subordinate to the main command anapese ‘recline.’ This creates an idiomatic command, “Come at once and recline,” reflecting ancient dining practice of reclining at table. In English, the participial constructions are rendered as temporal (“when he comes in”) and as part of a natural imperative (“Come immediately and recline” / “Sit down to eat immediately”) to preserve the rhetorical force and cultural nuance while avoiding awkward literalism.