| 6. Linguistic Exegesis The verse begins with the aorist participle speusas {σπεύσας | speû-sas} ‘having hurried’, functioning as a temporal participle to indicate action preceding the main verb. The principal narrative verb is katebe {κατέβη | katé-bē} ‘he came down’, in the aorist indicative, which advances the storyline by describing Zacchaeus’s descent. The conjunction kai {καὶ | kaì} links the series of actions paratactically, highlighting their quick succession. The verb hupedexato {ὑπεδέξατο | hupe-déx-a-to} in the aorist middle voice conveys deliberate, engaged reception, with auton {αὐτὸν | au-tòn} pointing to Jesus as the object. The present participle chairon {χαίρων | khaí-rōn} ‘rejoicing’ functions adverbially to describe the manner of the reception. In the formal reconstruction, the participles are rendered in a smooth series of clauses, while in the dynamic version they are translated as vivid, idiomatic expressions to emphasize immediacy and warmth. |