Luke 23:21 — ExegesisTAB

The clause opens with hoi de {οἱ δὲ | hoi dè} ‘but they’, marking a contrast with the preceding speaker and shifting focus back to the crowd as the subject. The imperfect verb epephōnoun {ἐπεφώνουν | epephōnoun} ‘they were shouting’ portrays continuous, repeated vocal protest, giving the scene a sense of sustained pressure. The participle legontes {λέγοντες | légontes} ‘saying’ functions circumstantially, introducing the specific content of their shouting as direct discourse. The imperative Σταύρωσον (Staurōson) {Σταύρωσον | Staurōson} ‘Crucify!’ is repeated (staurōson {σταύρωσον | staurōson}) for emphasis, a rhetorical device that heightens urgency and emotional intensity. The object pronoun auton {αὐτόν | autón} ‘him’ comes at the end of the clause, giving it an emphatic position that concentrates the crowd’s demand on a single individual. The English renderings preserve the imperfect nuance by “kept shouting” and “continued to yell,” maintain the participial structure with “saying,” and mirror the forceful repetition of the aorist imperative with the repeated “Crucify.”