καὶ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 καὶ

   KAI

   {and}
2. clause🔊 Ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου ἐν ὅλῃ ⸀τῇ καρδίᾳ σου καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ ⸁τῇ ψυχῇ σου καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ σου·

   a-ga-PÊ-seis KY-ree-on TON the-ON soo en HO-lêi TÊI kar-DI-ai soo KAI en HO-lêi TÊI psy-KHÊI soo KAI en HO-lêi TÊI di-a-NOI-ai soo

   You shall love Lord {the} your God with all your the heart {and} with all your the soul {and} with all your the mind
3. sentence🔊 ὁ ⸀δὲ ἔφη αὐτῷ· Ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου ἐν ὅλῃ ⸀τῇ καρδίᾳ σου καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ ⸁τῇ ψυχῇ σου καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ σου·

   HO DE E-phê au-TOI a-ga-PÊ-seis KY-ree-on TON the-ON soo en HO-lêi TÊI kar-DI-ai soo KAI en HO-lêi TÊI psy-KHÊI soo KAI en HO-lêi TÊI di-a-NOI-ai soo

   {And} he said to him You shall love Lord {the} your God with all your the heart {and} with all your the soul {and} with all your the mind

Exegesis

This is followed by three parallel prepositional phrases: en holē tē kardia sou, kai en holē tē psychē sou, kai en holē tē dianoia sou {ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ καρδίᾳ σου, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ψυχῇ σου, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ σου | en hó-lē tê kar-dí-a sou, kaí en hó-lē tê psy-khḗ sou, kaí en hó-lē tê di-a-noí-a sou}. Each uses the preposition en with the adjective holē (“all, whole”), a dative noun, and the possessive sou to express comprehensive involvement of the person. The repeated kai and structurally identical phrases create rhythmic parallelism that mirrors the Shema of Deuteronomy, highlighting total devotion of heart (inner self), soul (life), and mind (understanding). The translations reproduce this with coordinated “with all your ...” phrases to preserve both the parallel structure and the cumulative emphasis.

Root and etymology

Kaisar🔊 Καῖσαρkappa–alpha–iota–sigma–alpha–rho

“Caesar, emperor”

• 🔊 Καῖσαρkappa–alpha–iota–sigma–alpha–rhoCaesarLuke 20:22
• 🔊 βασιλεύςbeta–alpha–sigma–iota–lambda–epsilon–upsilon–sigmakingActs 17:7