| 1. Morphological Analysis vayishma {וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע | wā-yish-ma‘}: and he heard (vav consecutive + Qal imperfect third person masculine singular) • hakena‘ani {הַכְּנַעֲנִ֤י | ha-ḵə-na‘-a-nî}: the Canaanite (definite article + noun • masculine singular with gentilic suffix) • melech-‘arad {מֶֽלֶךְ־עֲרָד֙ | me-leḵ-‘a-rāḏ}: king of Arad (noun • masculine singular construct) • yoshev {יֹשֵׁ֣ב | yō-šēḇ}: residing (Qal participle • masculine singular) • hanNegev {הַנֶּ֔גֶב | ha-nə-ḡēḇ}: the Negev (definite article + noun • masculine singular absolute) • ki {כִּ֚י | kî}: when/because (conjunction) • ba {בָּ֣א | bā}: came (Qal perfect third person masculine singular) • yisrael {יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | yis-rā-ˀēl}: Israel (proper noun • masculine singular) • derekh {דֶּ֖רֶךְ | de-reḵ}: way (noun • feminine singular absolute) • ha’atarim {הָאֲתָרִ֑ים | ha-’a-tā-rîm}: Atharim (definite article + noun • masculine plural absolute) • vayilachem {וַיִּלָּ֙חֶם֙ | wā-yil-la-ḥem}: and he fought (vav consecutive + Nifal imperfect third person masculine singular) • beyisrael {בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | bə-yis-rā-ˀēl}: against Israel (preposition + proper noun • masculine singular) • vayishbe {וַיִּ֥שְׁבְּ | wā-yish-be}: and he took captive (vav consecutive + Qal imperfect third person masculine singular) • mimennu {מִמֶּ֖נּוּ | mi-mə-nû}: from them (preposition + third person masculine plural pronominal suffix) • shevi {שֶֽׁבִי׃ | she-bî}: captives (noun • masculine singular collective) |