| 47. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with a nominal clause introduced by ha-el {הָאֵל | hā-ʾēl} ‘the God’, modified by the participial attribute ha-noten {הַנּוֹתֵן | han-nō-tēn} ‘who gives’ governing neqamot {נְקָמוֹת | nə-qā-mōṯ} ‘vengeance’. The prepositional phrase li {לִי | lī} ‘to me’ marks the beneficiary. The vav-consecutive in vayadber {וַיַּדְבֵּר | way-yaḏ-bēr} ‘and He subdues’ introduces a parallel action. The direct object ammim {עַמִּים | ʿam-mīm} ‘peoples’ with tachtai {תַּחְתָּי | taḥ-tāy} ‘under me’ expresses sovereign dominion. This compact parataxis underscores dual divine actions: retributive delivery and authoritative subjection. |