| 5. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with dio {διὸ | diò} ‘therefore’, marking an inference from the preceding discussion on authorities. It then introduces the impersonal noun ananke {ἀνάγκη | anánkē} ‘necessity’ as subject in an impersonal construction conveying obligation. The complementary infinitive hypotassesthai {ὑποτάσσεσθαι | hypotássesthai} ‘to submit’ specifies the required action. The correlative pair ou monon … alla kai {οὐ μόνον … ἀλλὰ καὶ | ou mónon … allà kaí} ‘not only … but also’ structures two parallel causal phrases: dia ten orgen {διὰ τὴν ὀργὴν | diá tḕn orgḗn} ‘because of the wrath’ and dia ten syneidesin {διὰ τὴν συνείδησιν | diá tḕn syneídēsin} ‘because of the conscience’. This parallelism contrasts the external deterrent of punitive wrath with the internal motivation of conscience. In English the impersonal ananke plus infinitive is rendered as an impersonal necessity in the formal and as direct address in the dynamic, preserving the unified infinitival structure governing both motives. |