καὶ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 καὶ

   KAI

   and
2. sentence🔊 καὶ πάλιν Ἠσαΐας λέγει Ἔσται ἡ ῥίζα τοῦ Ἰεσσαί καὶ ὁ ἀνιστάμενος ἄρχειν ἐθνῶν ἐπʼ αὐτῷ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν

   KAI PA-lin ê-sa-I-as LE-gei ES-tai hê RHI-dza tou ie-ssa-I KAI ho a-ni-STA-me-nos AR-khein e-THNÔN ep au-TÔ E-thnê el-pi-OU-sin

   and again Isaiah says will be the root of the Jesse and the the one rising to rule of nations upon him nations will hope

Exegesis

The verse begins with the discourse formula kai palin Esaias legei {καὶ πάλιν Ἠσαΐας λέγει | kaí pá-lin Ē-sa-ï-as lé-gei}, “and again Isaiah says,” which signals another scriptural citation in a sequence and frames the prophetic words as presently authoritative through the historical present legei.

A second, coordinate description follows with kai ho anistamenos arkhein ethnōn {καὶ ὁ ἀνιστάμενος ἄρχειν ἐθνῶν | kaí ho a-ni-stá-me-nos ár-khein eth-nōn}, literally “and the one rising to rule the nations.” The articular participle ho anistamenos functions substantivally, pointing to a specific person whose “rising” denotes public emergence and, in broader Pauline theology, resonates with resurrection imagery. The complementary infinitive arkhein governs ethnōn in the genitive, expressing the sphere of his royal authority, namely “over the nations.”