| 22. Linguistic Exegesis hosper {ὥσπερ | hṓs-per} ‘just as’ introduces a comparative clause completed by houtōs {οὕτως | hoút-ōs} ‘thus,’ forming parallel clauses framed by en tō Adam {ἐν τῷ Ἀδὰμ | en tôi Adám} and en tō Christō {ἐν τῷ Χριστῷ | en tôi Khris-tṓ}, each using the dative of corporate solidarity. Pantes {πάντες | pán-tes} serves substantively as the subject in both clauses. The present apothnēískousin {ἀποθνῄσκουσιν | apoth-nē-ís-kou-sin} emphasizes the ongoing universality of death in Adam, whereas the future passive zōopoiēthēsontai {ζῳοποιηθήσονται | zō-o-poi-ē-thḗ-sōn-tai} points to a coming divine action whereby those in Christ will be given life. The conjunction kai {καὶ | kaí} links the two parallels without repeating the preposition, underlining the symmetry between Adam’s and Christ’s representative roles. |