| 11. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with the vav-consecutive velo shama {וְלֹא־שָׁמַ֣ע | vǝ-lō-šā-maʿ} ‘and he did not listen,’ establishing Amaziah’s refusal. This is followed by the vav-consecutive way-yaʿal {וַיַּעַל | wa-ya-ʿal} ‘and he went up,’ introducing Jehoash’s advance. The appositional titles yəhōʾāsh meleḵ yisrāʾēl {יְהוֹאָשׁ מֶלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵל | yə-hō-ʾāš me-leḵ yis-rā-ʾēl} and amatsyāhû meleḵ yəhûḏāh {אֲמַצְיָהוּ מֶלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה | ʾă-maṣ-yā-hû me-lekh yə-hū-dāh} function in apposition. The Nifal imperfect way-yitrōʾū {וַיִּתְרָאוּ | wa-yit-rō-ʾū} ‘they appeared’ with pānīm {פָנִים | pā-nīm} ‘faces’ conveys direct confrontation. The locative bə-bēṯ še-mēš {בְּבֵית שֶׁמֶשׁ | bə-bēt še-mēš} ‘at the house of Shemesh’ and the relative clause ʾă-šer lə-yə-hûḏāh {אֲשֶׁר לִיהוּדָה | ʾă-šer lə-yə-hū-dāh} ‘which belongs to Judah’ specify territorial belonging. English ordering preserves the sequential vav narrative and the idiomatic engagement. |