| 13. Linguistic Exegesis The verb vayya‘al {וַיַּ֤עַל | va-yya-ʻal} with vav consecutive introduces a sequential narrative action, signaling David’s retrieval of ancestral remains. The locative misham {מִשָּׁם֙ | miš-šām} specifies the source location. The direct object marker et {אֶת־ | ʼet} frames the central noun ‘atzmot {עַצְמוֹת | ʻaṣ-šə-mōṯ}, repeated to emphasize each set of bones. Possession is marked by beno {בְּנ֑וֹ | bə-nô}, linking Jonathan to Saul. The shift to a plural subject in vayya’asfu {וַיַּ֣אַסְפוּ | va-yya-ʼas-fū} creates a coordinated clause of communal action. The Pual participle hamuqa‘im {הַמּוּקָעִֽים | ham-mû-qā-‘îm} conveys a completed passive state—those rendered visibly hanged—underscoring cultural significance of proper burial. Parallelism between “brought up” and “gathered” preserves the Hebrew’s dignified tone. |