| 13. Linguistic Exegesis The verse begins with heteroi {ἕτεροι | hé-te-roi} as the nominative subject, meaning “others,” contrasted with the previous group by the postpositive conjunction de {δὲ | dé}, which introduces a shift in perspective. The participle diachleuazontes {διαχλευάζοντες | di-akh-leu-Á-zon-tes} functions as a circumstantial participle modifying the subject, characterizing these “others” as engaged in mocking while they speak. The main verb elegon {ἔλεγον | É-le-gon} is in the imperfect tense, indicating repeated or ongoing speech, which underscores the persistent nature of the ridicule. The conjunction hoti {ὅτι | HÓ-ti} introduces the content of what they were saying in direct discourse. Within the quoted accusation, the genitive Gleukous {Γλεύκους | GLEU-kous} with the participle memestomenoi {μεμεστωμένοι | me-mes-to-MÉ-noi} forms a genitive of content construction, literally “having been filled of new wine,” describing a resultant state. The perfect passive participle memestomenoi conveys a completed action with continuing results, suggesting that the accused are in an ongoing state of being “full.” The copular verb eisin {εἰσίν | ei-SÍN} links the subject (implied “they”) to this described condition. In translation, the participial phrase diachleuazontes is rendered adverbially (“mocking,” “making fun”) to preserve its circumstantial force, while the genitive of content is expressed idiomatically as “filled with new wine” in the formal rendering and “drunk with new wine” in the dynamic rendering to capture the taunting implication of intoxication. |