Acts 23:22 — ExegesisTAB

The verse opens with ho men oun {ὁ μὲν οὖν | ho mén oun} “so then,” a discourse marker that links this action to the preceding narrative and highlights the tribune as the subject. The nominative ho khiliarkhos {ὁ χιλίαρχος | ho khilíarkhos} functions as the grammatical subject for the finite verb apelyse {ἀπέλυσε | apélusen} “released,” forming the main clause. The direct object is expressed by the accusative phrase ton neaniskon {τὸν νεανίσκον | ton neanískon} “the young man.” The aorist active participle parangeilas {παραγγείλας | paranggeílas} “having instructed” is nominative masculine singular, agreeing with khiliarkhos and forming a circumstantial participle that denotes action prior to the main verb: the tribune first gave orders, then released him. The content of the instruction is expressed by the infinitival clause medeni eklalesai {μηδενὶ ἐκλαλῆσαι | mēdení eklalêsai} “to tell out to no one,” where medeni “to no one” is a dative complement to the infinitive, and the combination functions as a negative command indirectly reported. The conjunction hoti {ὅτι | hóti} introduces a content clause specifying what must not be divulged: tauta {ταῦτα | taûta} “these things” serves as the object of enephanisas {ἐνεφάνισας | enephánisas} “you made known,” with pros eme {πρὸς ἐμέ | prós emé} “to me” indicating the recipient of the report. The second person singular verb enephanisas preserves the nuance that the young man personally disclosed the information to the tribune. In translation, this is best rendered by an English finite clause “that you have made these things known to me,” maintaining the indirect discourse while using standard subject–verb–object order and turning the participle parangeilas into a temporal phrase “after instructing” or causal “having instructed” for fluency.