Acts 24:2 — ExegesisTAB

The verse opens with a genitive absolute construction, klethentos de autou {κληθέντος δὲ αὐτοῦ | klē-thén-tos dè au-toû} “when he had been summoned,” which functions as a temporal clause independent of the main sentence grammar but setting the courtroom scene. The main clause follows with erxato katēgorein {ἤρξατο κατηγορεῖν | ḗr-xa-to ka-tē-go-reîn}, a common idiom combining “begin” with an infinitive to mark the onset of an action, here the formal accusation. The subject ho Tertullos {ὁ Τέρτυλλος | ho Tér-tyl-los} is delayed until after the verb phrase, a narrative pattern that keeps initial focus on the procedural action rather than the speaker. The participle legōn {λέγων | lé-gōn} introduces the direct speech, signaled in translation with quotation marks and a comma after “saying” to mirror λέγων,. Within the speech, the participle tynchánontes {τυγχάνοντές | tyn-chá-non-tés} governs the construction Pollēs eirēnēs tynchánontes {Πολλῆς εἰρήνης τυγχάνοντές | Pol-lês ei-rḗ-nēs tyn-chá-non-tés}, literally “obtaining much peace,” which is rendered as “we are enjoying great peace” to make explicit the implied first person plural subject of the address. The preposition dia {διὰ | diá} with the genitive sou {σοῦ | soû} expresses agency or means, “through you,” attributing the benefits to the addressee’s governance. The genitive phrase diorthōmatōn ginomenōn {διορθωμάτων γινομένων | di-or-thō-má-tōn gi-no-mé-nōn} parallels Pollēs eirēnēs, adding “reforms being done” as a second benefit in genitive relation, while tō ethnē toutō {τῷ ἔθνει τούτῳ | tṓi éth-nei toú-tōi} specifies the beneficiary, “for this nation.” The closing prepositional phrase dia tēs sēs pronoias {διὰ τῆς σῆς προνοίας | diá tês sês pro-noí-as} again uses dia with the genitive to attribute both peace and reforms to the ruler’s “foresight,” which is rendered as an abstract quality of prudent administration. In English, the long Greek period is preserved as a single complex sentence within quotation marks, maintaining the rhetorical flattery while clarifying subjects and finite verbs for modern readers.