| 21. Linguistic Exegesis The sentence opens with the particle de {δὲ | dè} ‘but’, marking a contrast with the preceding context. It then uses a genitive absolute construction, tou de Paulou epikalesamenou {τοῦ δὲ Παύλου ἐπικαλεσαμένου | toû dè Paúlou epikalesaménou} ‘when Paul had appealed’, which provides background circumstance independent of the main clause. The complementary infinitive tērethēnai {τηρηθῆναι | tērē-thênai} with its object auton {αὐτὸν | autón} expresses the content of Paul’s appeal: that he be kept in custody. The prepositional phrase eis tēn tou Sebastou diagnōsin {εἰς τὴν τοῦ Σεβαστοῦ διάγνωσιν | eis tēn toû Sebastoû diágnōsin} indicates the goal of this custody, namely a legal decision at the imperial level, with the genitive tou Sebastou specifying the Emperor as the deciding authority. The main clause then appears with ekeleusa {ἐκέλευσα | ekéleusa} ‘I ordered’, which resumes Festus’s decisive action, followed by the present infinitive tēreisthai {τηρεῖσθαι | tēreîsthai} and another auton, restating the ongoing detention as an official order. The temporal conjunction phrase heōs hou {ἕως οὗ | héōs hoû} introduces a subordinate temporal clause whose verb is the subjunctive anapempsō {ἀναπέμψω | anapémpsō}, indicating anticipated future action: the sending of Paul to Kaisara {Καίσαρα | Kaísara} ‘Caesar’. The repeated auton throughout maintains clarity of reference to Paul as the object of both the appeal and the official commands. English renders the genitive absolute as a temporal “when/after” clause and the heōs hou clause with “until,” preserving the flow from appeal, to order, to ultimate transfer to the Emperor’s judgment. |