Daniel 5:21ExegesisTAB

Daniel 5 : 21 Exile | Transformation | Sovereignty
21. Linguistic Exegesis
The verse begins with the prepositional phrase umin {וּמִן־ | û-min} bnei {בְּנֵי֩ | bə-nê} anasha {אֲנָשָׁ֨א | ʾă-nā-šāʾ} ‘from the sons of men’, marking expulsion from humanity. The Peal perfect t’rid {טְרִ֜יד | tᵉ-rîḏ} ‘he was driven’ signals completed action, while the Peal imperfect shaw-WI {שַׁוִּ֗י | šawwî} ‘he became’ expresses transformation with emphasis. The locative clause im-ʿaradaya {עִם־עֲרָֽדַיָּא֙ | ʿim-ʿă-rā-ḏay-yāʾ} ‘with wild donkeys’ uses mə-doreh {מְדוֹרֵ֔הּ | mə-ḏō-rêh} ‘dwelling’ to specify habitat. The imperfect yə-taʿamunne(h) {יְטַ֣עֲמוּנֵּ֔הּ | yə-ṭa-ʿə-mūn-neh} ‘they fed him’ indicates ongoing provision, and the Ithpaal imperfect yiṣ-tab-baʿ {יִצְטַבַּ֑ע | yiṣ-ṭab-baʿ} ‘was drenched’ shows involuntary exposure. The temporal clause ʿad dî-yə-ḏaʿ {עַד דִּֽי־יְדַ֗ע | ʿad dî-yə-ḏaʿ} ‘until he knew’ introduces the turning point, followed by the participle dî-šal-lît {דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֞יט | dî-šal-lîṭ} ‘that rules’ highlighting continuous sovereignty. The noun phrase ʾĕlaha illaʿa {אֱלָהָ֤א עִלָּאָה֙ | ʾĕ-lā-hāʾ ʿil-lā-ʾā} ‘Most High God’ governs the clause bə-mal-kût anasha {בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֔א | bə-mal-kût ʾă-nā-šāʾ} ‘in the kingdom of men’, and the Haphil imperfect yə-ha-ḳêm {יְהָקֵ֥ים | yə-hā-qêm} ‘he appoints’ plus the relative pronoun marks divine prerogative.

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