| 27. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with a series of accusatory nouns in construct chains, starting with your adulteries (ni’ufayikh {נִֽאֻפַ֤יִךְ | nîʾûp̄āyîḵ}) and your neighings (u-mitzhalotayikh {וּמִצְהֲלוֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ | û-mîṣhallōṯāyîḵ}), followed by the lewdness-of (zimmăt {זִמַּ֣ת | zimmăt}) your harlotry (zenutayikh {זְנוּתֵ֔ךְ | zənūṯēyîḵ}) on the hills and in the field (al-gev’ot {עַל־גְּבָעוֹת֙ | ʿal gəḇāʿōṯ} and ba-sadeh {בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה | ba-sāḏeh}). These noun phrases emphasize the public exposure of Jerusalem’s indecencies. The perfect verb ra’iti {רָאִ֖יתִי | rā’îṯî} marks divine observation. The interjection oy {א֥וֹי | ʾōy} introduces the prophetic lament, addressing Jerusalem (Yerushalayim {יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם | yərūšālayim}). The imperfect query lo tithari {לֹ֣א תִטְהֲרִ֔י | lō’ titᵊhārî} conveys an ongoing call for purification. The idiomatic phrase acharei matai od {אַחֲרֵ֥י מָתַ֖י עֹֽד | ʾaḥărê mātāy ʿôḏ} expresses exasperated urgency regarding moral renewal. |