καὶ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 καὶ

   KAI

   also
2. phraseyour reading level🔊 ὃς καὶ ἀνέπεσεν ἐν τῷ δείπνῳ ἐπὶ τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ καὶ εἶπεν·

   HOS KAI a-NE-pe-sen en TOI DEIP-nôi e-PI TO STÊ-thos au-TOU KAI EI-pen

   who also reclined in the supper on the chest his and said
3. clause🔊 ⸀Ἐπιστραφεὶς ὁ Πέτρος βλέπει τὸν μαθητὴν ὃν ἠγάπα ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀκολουθοῦντα, ὃς καὶ ἀνέπεσεν ἐν τῷ δείπνῳ ἐπὶ τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ καὶ εἶπεν·

   e-pi-stra-PHEIS ho PE-tros BLE-pei TON ma-thê-TÊN HON ê-GA-pa ho ee-ay-SOOS a-ko-lou-THOUN-ta HOS KAI a-NE-pe-sen en TOI DEIP-nôi e-PI TO STÊ-thos au-TOU KAI EI-pen

   having turned {the} Peter {He} sees the disciple whom {He} loved {the} Jesus following who also reclined in the supper on the chest his and said
4. sentence🔊 ⸀Ἐπιστραφεὶς ὁ Πέτρος βλέπει τὸν μαθητὴν ὃν ἠγάπα ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀκολουθοῦντα, ὃς καὶ ἀνέπεσεν ἐν τῷ δείπνῳ ἐπὶ τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ καὶ εἶπεν· Κύριε, τίς ἐστιν ὁ παραδιδούς σε;

   e-pi-stra-PHEIS ho PE-tros BLE-pei TON ma-thê-TÊN HON ê-GA-pa ho ee-ay-SOOS a-ko-lou-THOUN-ta HOS KAI a-NE-pe-sen en TOI DEIP-nôi e-PI TO STÊ-thos au-TOU KAI EI-pen KY-ree-e TIS es-TIN ho pa-ra-di-DOUS se

   having turned {the} Peter {He} sees the disciple whom {He} loved {the} Jesus following who also reclined in the supper on the chest his and said Lord who is the one who is betraying you

Exegesis

A second relative clause, hos kai anepesen {ὃς καὶ ἀνέπεσεν | hos kai anépesen} ‘who also reclined’, reaches back to the supper scene and is expanded by the prepositional phrases en tō deipnō {ἐν τῷ δείπνῳ | en tō deípnō} ‘at the supper’ and epi to stēthos autou {ἐπὶ τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ | epí tó stêthos autoû} ‘upon His chest’, which together evoke both table fellowship and intimate proximity.

The coordinated kai eipen {καὶ εἶπεν | kaí eîpen} introduces the remembered question, and the substantival participle ho paradidous {ὁ παραδιδούς | ho paradidoús} ‘the betraying one’ compresses the betrayer into a role-description rather than a simple verb. In English, the participles are naturally expanded into finite clauses so the sequence of seeing, recalling, and questioning remains clear while preserving the Greek narrative flow.