ὁ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 ὁ

   ho

   {the}
2. phraseyour reading level🔊 ⸀Ἐπιστραφεὶς ὁ Πέτρος βλέπει τὸν μαθητὴν ὃν ἠγάπα ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀκολουθοῦντα,

   e-pi-stra-PHEIS ho PE-tros BLE-pei TON ma-thê-TÊN HON ê-GA-pa ho ee-ay-SOOS a-ko-lou-THOUN-ta

   having turned {the} Peter {He} sees the disciple whom {He} loved {the} Jesus following
3. clause🔊 ⸀Ἐπιστραφεὶς ὁ Πέτρος βλέπει τὸν μαθητὴν ὃν ἠγάπα ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀκολουθοῦντα, ὃς καὶ ἀνέπεσεν ἐν τῷ δείπνῳ ἐπὶ τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ καὶ εἶπεν·

   e-pi-stra-PHEIS ho PE-tros BLE-pei TON ma-thê-TÊN HON ê-GA-pa ho ee-ay-SOOS a-ko-lou-THOUN-ta HOS KAI a-NE-pe-sen en TOI DEIP-nôi e-PI TO STÊ-thos au-TOU KAI EI-pen

   having turned {the} Peter {He} sees the disciple whom {He} loved {the} Jesus following who also reclined in the supper on the chest his and said
4. sentence🔊 ⸀Ἐπιστραφεὶς ὁ Πέτρος βλέπει τὸν μαθητὴν ὃν ἠγάπα ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀκολουθοῦντα, ὃς καὶ ἀνέπεσεν ἐν τῷ δείπνῳ ἐπὶ τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ καὶ εἶπεν· Κύριε, τίς ἐστιν ὁ παραδιδούς σε;

   e-pi-stra-PHEIS ho PE-tros BLE-pei TON ma-thê-TÊN HON ê-GA-pa ho ee-ay-SOOS a-ko-lou-THOUN-ta HOS KAI a-NE-pe-sen en TOI DEIP-nôi e-PI TO STÊ-thos au-TOU KAI EI-pen KY-ree-e TIS es-TIN ho pa-ra-di-DOUS se

   having turned {the} Peter {He} sees the disciple whom {He} loved {the} Jesus following who also reclined in the supper on the chest his and said Lord who is the one who is betraying you

Exegesis

The object ton matheten {τὸν μαθητὴν | tón mathētēn} ‘the disciple’ is then identified by the relative clause hon ēgapa ho Iesous {ὃν ἠγάπα ὁ Ἰησοῦς | hon ēgápa ho Iēsoûs} ‘whom Jesus loved’; the imperfect ēgapa suggests an ongoing pattern of love rather than a single moment.

The coordinated kai eipen {καὶ εἶπεν | kaí eîpen} introduces the remembered question, and the substantival participle ho paradidous {ὁ παραδιδούς | ho paradidoús} ‘the betraying one’ compresses the betrayer into a role-description rather than a simple verb. In English, the participles are naturally expanded into finite clauses so the sequence of seeing, recalling, and questioning remains clear while preserving the Greek narrative flow.

Root and etymology

homos🔊 ὁμόςho-mos

“same, together”

• 🔊 ὁμοθυμαδόνhomothymadonwith one accordActs 1:14
• 🔊 ὁμόφρωνhomophrōnof one mind1 Peter 3:8