ὁ

Alphabet Analysis

The word

1. word🔊 ὁ

   ho

   the
2. sentence🔊 Ἐγόγγυζον οὖν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι περὶ αὐτοῦ ὅτι εἶπεν Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος ὁ καταβὰς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ

   e-GON-gyu-zon oun hoi iou-DAI-oi pe-RI au-TOU HO-ti EI-pen e-GO EI-mi ho AR-tos ho ka-ta-BAS ek tou ou-ra-NOU

   were grumbling therefore the Jews about him because he said I am the bread the having come down from the heaven

Exegesis

The clause ego eimi ho artos ho katabas ek tou ouranou {Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος ὁ καταβὰς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ | egṓ eimí ho ártos ho katabàs ek toû ouranoû} consists of a copular construction where ego {Ἐγώ | egṓ} is emphatic, fronted before the verb eimi {εἰμι | eimí} ‘am,’ highlighting Jesus’ self-identification.

The articular participle ho katabas {ὁ καταβὰς | hó katabàs} functions attributively, closely defining ho artos {ὁ ἄρτος | hó ártos} ‘the bread’ as the one that has come down from heaven, with ek tou ouranou {ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ | ek toû ouranoû} marking source or origin. In translation, the imperfect aspect of egongyzon is preserved in “were grumbling,” and the attributive participle is rendered as a relative-like phrase “that has come down,” maintaining the tight link between “bread” and its heavenly origin.

Root and etymology

Ioudas🔊 Ἰούδαςiota–omicron–upsilon–delta–alpha–sigma

“Judean, descendant of Judah”

• 🔊 ἸούδαIoudaJudahMatthew 1:2
• 🔊 ἸουδαίαIoudaiaJudeaMatthew 2:1