| 29. Linguistic Exegesis The verse opens with the temporal relative phrase hē {ᾗ | hē̂i} de hēmera {ἡμέρᾳ | hē-MÉ-rāi} “on which day,” in which the relative pronoun links this event tightly to the preceding context while the dative of time specifies the exact day. The finite verb exelthen {ἐξῆλθεν | ex-Êl-then} “went out” takes Lōt {Λὼτ | Lōt} as its subject, and the prepositional phrase apo Sodomōn {ἀπὸ Σοδόμων | a-pó So-DÓ-mōn} “from Sodom” indicates his departure from the doomed city. A new aorist verb, ebrexen {ἔβρεξεν | É-brex-en} “rained,” is then introduced without an explicit subject, relying on an understood divine or impersonal subject implied by the context, and it governs the coordinated direct objects pyr {πῦρ | pŷr} “fire” and theion {θεῖον | THEI-on} “sulfur,” joined by kai {καὶ | kaí} for cumulative force. The prepositional phrase ap’ ouranou {ἀπ᾽ οὐρανοῦ | ap ou-ra-NÔU} “from heaven” marks the heavenly origin of the judgment, while the subsequent kai {καὶ | kaí} introduces the climactic aorist apōlesen pantas {ἀπώλεσεν πάντας | ap-Ō-le-sen PÁN-tas} “destroyed all,” expressing a consequential result and the totality of the destruction. The English renderings preserve this sequence of aorist verbs to convey a single decisive act of judgment and retain the temporal linkage “on the day” to mirror the Greek structure. |